Windows Credential Manager
Theory
Credential Manager is a Windows feature that stores logon-sensitive information for websites, applications, and networks. It contains login credentials such as usernames, passwords, and internet addresses. There are four credential categories:
- Web credentials contain authentication details stored in Internet browsers or other applications.
- Windows credentials contain Windows authentication details, such as NTLM or Kerberos.
- Generic credentials contain basic authentication details, such as clear-text usernames and passwords.
- Certificate-based credentials: Athunticated details based on certifications.
Practice
On Windows systems Vaultcmd & cmdkey can be used to list credentials.
# List vaults
C:\Users\Administrator> VaultCmd /list
# Extract and decrypt all master keys
sekurlsa::dpapi
# List property of a vault
C:\Users\Administrator> VaultCmd /listproperties:"Web Credentials"
# List creds in a vault
C:\Users\Administrator> VaultCmd /listcreds:"Web Credentials"
# List creds with cmdkey
C:\Users\Administrator> cmdkey /list